On Sun, 26 Oct 2003 03:59:21 GMT, "Jason Murray - The Great One"
Post by Jason Murray - The Great OneAt the time of the Roman empire, north Africa was not under the control of
arabs. Better get yourself a book (other than the Turner Diaries) and read
about the history of North Africa. Then check out each country and find out
what is omitted then search to find out why...
Ahem....!
EGYPT
FACT #62: Ancient Egypt was founded
and built by Mediterranean Caucasians as
far back as 4500 B.C. Egypt's period of
greatness was from 3400 B.C. to 1800
B.C. and was characterized by its amazing
architecture, pyramids, temples, and
mastery of mathematics and engineering,
the remnants of which are still evident
today. The White Egyptians pioneered
medicine, chemistry, astronomy, and law;
In many cases, their achievements remain
unequalled. (37) (39) (21)
FACT #63: But, about 3400 B.C. Egypt
civilization began to spread up the Nile
River, bringing it in close contact with the
black Nubians to the south. Soon they
were using Blacks for slave labor and
Egypt became history's first melting pot.
(39) (10) (14)
FACT # 64: In time the infusion of
Negro blood worked itself up from the
bottom of Egyptian society. The slaves
were eventually freed, received political
equality, and took posts of authority in
government. (10) (37)
FACT #65: By the time of King Tut
(1370-1352 B.C.) even the ruling classes
had been mongrelized and Egypt began a
tailspin downward. Today, the
once-mighty Egypt is very much a Third
World country, having lost its art, its
medicine, its architectural ability, and its
position in world affairs. (10) (37)
The absurd notion that Ancient Egypt was
a product of Negro ingenuity is now
being widely disseminated in the schools.
Though scholars know this is a blatant lie,
they justify the deception by assuming it
will boost the "self-esteem" of Black
children.
10.Fagan, Myron C. How the Greatest White
Nations Were Mongrelized - Then Negroized,
Sons of Liberty Books.
14.Jacob, A. White Man, Think Again! 1965, publ.
by author.
21.Pendell, Elmer, Sex Versus Civilization,
Noontide Press.
37.Waddell, L. A. The Makers of Civilization,
1929, Angriff Press, Hollywood, CA
39.Weisman, Charles A. The Origins of Race and
Civilization, 1990, SFA
WHITE EGYPT
This page has been built to refute the lies currently being spread by
Black
supremacists which claim that the civilization of "Ancient Egypt was
Black."
In fact, the driving force of Ancient Egypt
was unquestionably White.
The most common lies and distortions currently being made by the
Afro-centric Black supremacists are dealt with graphically on this
page:
readers interested in the true full story of Ancient Egypt are invited
to
read Chapter 8, of the book "March of the Titans: A History of the
White
Race"
==============
Before we start, a few general points about Egypt:
The first thing that must always be borne in mind about ancient Egypt
is
that there were Semites and Blacks present in that country from the
very
beginning. No-one claims the contrary - in fact, this was the very
reason
why that civilization fell, as it was eventually overrun by Blacks and
Semites - if there had been none of those racial groupings present,
the
Egyptian civilization would still be going!
What this means is that of course there are going to be images of
Nonwhites
in Egyptian art. Art after all, usually reflected the society of the
time,
so it is not unusual to find Black or Semitic types in Egyptian art.
What has to be borne in mind though, is the date WHEN these portraits
or art
pieces were made. The Black supremacists have a few Egyptian busts
which
they use to try and prove that Egyptians were all Black: but these
busts
were virtually all made during the 25th dynasty (730 BC- 633 BC), that
of
the colored king Taharka. That dynasty was a colored one - and also,
of
course, the LAST Egyptian dynasty. This colored dynasty was the result
of
racial integration which diluted the original White population of
Egypt
which then led to the disappearance of the Egyptian culture. For
details,
please read chapter 8 of The History of the White Race (see link above
or
below).
So, busts made during the 25th dynasty, or the last dynasty, would of
course
reflect the society of that time - colored - even if they were making
statues of kings of older times.
So before anyone accepts any "Negroid" featured Egyptian bust as being
an
accurate representation of Egyptian society, find out exactly WHEN
that bust
was made.
This means that a bust of say, an Egyptian king not made in his time,
cannot
be counted upon as being an accurate reflection of that particular
king's
features.
So a bust of say, Menes (also known as Narmer), the very first
Egyptian
pharaoh (3100 BC), which was made during the 25th dynasty, (730 BC)
will
most certainly not be an accurate representation of what the king
actually
looked like. It is most likely that a sculptor working in the 25th
dynasty
would, if he was making a bust of an ancient pharaoh, make it look
like the
pharaoh of his own time. And he would probably not even know what the
original king looked like in any event.
This dating technique is actually quite logical, and as long as it is
remembered and applied, it is very easy to disprove the Black
supremacists'
lies: most of the busts and artwork to which they refer dates from the
25th
dynasty, (730 BC to 633 BC) which was colored, and which also
collapsed
precisely because it was not an original White dynasty. It was the
very last
Egyptian dynasty, representing the final fall of what remained of the
original White civilization.
It is thus very ironic that the Black supremacists use the 25th
dynasty -
which represents the final fall of the White Egyptian civilization -
to try
and prove that the Egyptians were Black! If it were not so tragic, it
would
be funny. The very thing which destroyed the White Egyptians, being
used to
try and prove they were not White!
THE LIES EXAMINED:
LIE 1: "Narmer, or Menes, the first King of Egypt, was Black"
This nasty little lie is based on a Negroid bust which the Black
supremacists claim is that of Menes (also known as Narmer), the almost
legendary first king of Egypt who united the land and started the
First
Dynasty around the year 3100 BC.
This Negroid bust which is used to "prove" that Menes/Narmer was
Black,
looks like this:
The Black supremacists use this Negroid featured bust, which clearly
dates
from the 25th colored dynasty (circa 700 BC), to try and show that
Menes,
who started the first dynasty (some 2300 years earlier), was a Black.
What is the truth?
In fact, there are NO images of Menes/Narmer dating from his time at
all!
The closest we have to any indication of what Menes he looked like is
contained in something called the "Palette of Narmer."
The Palette of Narmer, which has been dated at about 3000 BC, was a
palette
used for preparing cosmetics, and has engraved on its surface, events
from
reign of Menes. The palette was found in the temple at Hierakonpolis,
an
important center of Upper Egypt.
One side of the palette shows Narmer/Menes with the white crown of
Upper
Egypt and the other shows him with the red crown of Lower Egypt.
Menes is shown striking down one of his enemies, and on the other
side, he
is the largest in a row of people carrying standards, probably
representing
divisions of his territory or army and reviews decapitated victims,
and as a
bull breaking into a walled town and trampling a victim.
From this Palette, which is the only (almost) contemporary to his
time,
image of Narmer/Menes, it can be seen that it is impossible to claim
that he
was Black.
While the image on the Palette was not drawn with intent to emphasize
racial
features, it is nonetheless very clear that it looks ABSOLUTELY
NOTHING like
the fake Negroid "face of Narmer" which the Black supremacists claim
to be
his image. This is even more apparent on the smaller of the two images
of
Menes/Narmer on the palette - the one on the "back" side.
Here is the Palette of Narmer/Menes, first the original Palette and
then a
drawing taken from the Palette, which makes the images clearer.
Left: First ("front") side and right: second ("back") side and below:
a
sketch of the detail.
Note the profile of Narmer/Menes: he is the character shown striking
an
enemy on the "front" side; and on the "back" side, the largest of the
figures in the upper panel : most certainly NOT Negroid!
While the Palette of Narmer/Menes was obviously not drawn to highlight
racial types, we can show the race of Narmer in yet another way: he
was
first mentioned in Egyptian history by Manetho, the 3rd century BC
Egyptian
historian, who wrote that Menes had seven successors in his line:
Manetho
grouped all seven successors together as being from the same place,
obviously of the same race: and no-one disputes the race of the 2nd to
8th
pharaohs of Egypt - they were all White.
There is one more object which is supposed to depict Narmer - the
so-called
Macehead of the Scorpion King, but its date is unknown, and no-one
knows for
sure if it indeed represents Narmer or not. In any event, the figure
on it
is certainly not Black.
The Macehead of the Scorpion King shows in one of its upper panels a
procession of military standards surmounted by the emblems of various
names
of provinces. Facing in the opposite direction, is another procession
of
standards having bows similarly attached, but only one complete
standard is
preserved. The meaning is clear, the Scorpion king claimed victories
over
the Nine Bows, i.e. the various people in and on the borders of Egypt,
which
included the Semites and Blacks, or Nubians.
Based on all available evidence, it is therefore impossible to claim
that
Narmer/Menes was Black: the only contemporary image of this first
Egyptian
king indicates that he was a White: and all his successors were White.
Lie 2: "The Sphinx has the face of a Black man and the flat nose of
that
monument was deliberately shot off by Napoleon's troops in 1802"
Most certainly not: the features on the Sphinx are clearly of the
White king
Khafre, upon whose order the Sphinx was built.
The Sphinx was built by the great Pharaoh Khafre, fourth king (circa
2603-2578 BC) of the 4th Dynasty of Egypt . He built one of the
pyramids of
Giza; the Great Sphinx nearby is a likeness of the king. (Source:
"Khafre,"
Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia. 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation.
All
rights reserved.)
That this is so, can be seen very clearly from another surviving bust
of
Khafre:
A portrait of Khafre, to be found in the Encarta Encyclopedia: this is
what
the Sphinx looked like originally: certainly not Negroid.
The Sphinx has suffered damage as a result of thousands of years of
sand
abrasion: and was used for target practice by occupying Nonwhite
Islamic
Arabs in the 14th century. Nonwhite Arabs shot off its nose some 400
years
before Napoleon got there: the French troops did not touch the Sphinx.
Lie 3: "According to the Egyptians themselves in their Book of the
Dead,
they came from the south of Egypt. The ancient Egyptians had always
held the
south in high reverence. The Sudan was commonly called the Land of the
Gods.
"
The Book of the Dead deals exclusively with religious rituals about
the dead
and the afterlife, and does not refer to the origins of the Egyptians.
The Black supremacists try and pull this one off in the hope that it
will be
highly unlikely that most people will actually get hold of a full
translation of the Book of the Dead and read it - so they make claims
which
they hope most people will not bother to check out.
But even a reference to "south" Egypt in ancient Egyptian terms is not
a
reference to the Black areas of the Sudan or Ethiopia. The city of
Thebes,
for example, was regarded as being in "south" of Egypt by the
Egyptians
themselves: and it is a long way from Ethiopia or the Sudan.
Further south than Thebes was officially called Nubia, and never the
"south". To repeat: the "south" of ancient Egypt was never in Sudan,
or
Ethiopia: see this map of the geographic areas of the ancient kingdoms
to
see exactly where the boundaries were situated (taken from the Encarta
Encyclopedia 1998):
Only by the time of END of the Third Kingdom (1070 BC) did the
Egyptian
boundaries extend into only the very north of the Sudan: and this
inclusion
of partly Black population is reflected in the changing racial makeup
of the
Egyptian population: by 800 BC, all the Egyptian Whites had vanished,
absorbed into the Nonwhite mass.
The Sudan is only referred to, in some sources, as the land of the
Gods
because the powerful red headed White Pharaoh, Ramses II, built a
massive
temple there after he occupied those lands and defeated the Blacks in
that
land.
Lie 4: "Pharaoh Akhenaton had a flat nose, thick lips, and lower
protruding
jaw. His mummy shows that he was black".
Akhenaton, or Ikhnaton, also called Amenhotep IV, was pharaoh of Egypt
from
about 1350 to 1334 BC.
Akhenaton was the son of Amenhotep III and Tiy, and was the husband of
the
great White queen Nefertiti, whose beauty is now famous through the
portrait
bust (which can be viewed on the front page of the the March of the
Titans
web page.
Akhenaton's son was Tutankhamen, who is most famous for the very
anti-Black
pictures on objects found in his tomb (See Chapter 8 of "March of the
Titans" for these, which include bound Black prisoners in
Tutankhamen's
shoes and Tutankhamen riding over Blacks in his chariot).
The Black supremacists rely for the lie that Akhenaton was Black, on a
slight distortion of his mummy's nose, which has obviously been caused
by
the bandaging.
A picture of the mummy is below: where the distortion can be clearly
seen as
artificial. Note also the hair and skull shape - neither of which are
Negroid. Alongside the mummy, is a bust of Akhenaton, made during his
lifetime.
Above left: the mummy of Akhenaton, showing the distortion of the
nose,
obviously caused by the bandaging used in the mummification process;
note
the hair and skull shape - neither of which are Negroid. Right: a bust
of
Akhenaton, made during his lifetime - note the close resemblance
between the
bust and the mummy in skull shape, eye pit formation and chin.
Lie 5: Pharaoh Zoser, who built the first pyramid at Saqara, was Black
with
a flat nose, thick lips, and a lower protruding jaw.
The claim that Zoser was a Black, is based on a limestone statue which
was
found in the otherwise empty tomb complex at Saqara.
The statue (below) is in fact very badly damaged - virtually the
entire side
of the face, the nose and a part of the mouth has been broken off.
The damage to the statue has given the Black supremacists the chance
to
claim that he was Black - based purely on the damaged lips of the
statue.
Sadly, there are no other crystal clear images of Zoser - once again,
this
is very "convenient" for the Black supremacists - all the other kings
for
whom there are other portraits to cross reference, they make no such
claims
of Blackness!
There is however one more image of Zoser which can also be found on a
wall
at Saqara: this is reproduced below and although slightly unclear, it
can
still be easily seen that he had none of the Negroid features that the
Black
supremacists want to attribute to him.
Left: The conveniently damaged statue of King Zoser which the Black
supremacists use to try and claim that the king was Black: and right,
another image of Zoser on the wall of the Saqara complex: although
weathered
through time, the king is not portrayed with any Negroid features.
Zoser ordered the building of the great step pyramid of Saqara by the
engineer Imhotep : look here into the face of the White man who was
the
architect and builder of the Saqara pyramids: a feat for which he was
later
worshiped and made into a god of wisdom.
Imhotep: the builder of the Saqara pyramid.
Lie 6: What proof is there that King Ramses II had red hair?
The mummy of Ramses II is on public display at the the Egyptian
Museum,
Cairo. Here is a fine picture of the mummy of this red haired Egyptian
king
who reigned from 1292 - 1225 BC:
His hair had faded slightly by the time he died, and the embalmers did
touch
up his hair with henna. Microscopic examination of the hair which has
been
carried out has shown conclusively that he had red hair. See K.A.
Kitchen,
"Pharaoh Triumphant: The Life and Times of Ramses II, King of Egypt"
(1982,
reprinted 1985).
Lie 7: "On the tomb of Ramses III, there are depictions of four racial
types: a Black; a pale skinned and fair haired White; a Semite and a
dark
Egyptian, almost indistinguishable from the Nubian. The pale skinned
White
is clearly a foreigner: how is this explained?"
Ramses III reigned from 1182-1151 BC, and was the last great Egyptian
military leader who repeatedly saved that country from foreign
invasion.
In the fifth year of his reign, Ramses III defeated an attack by the
partly
mixed race Semitic/White Libyans from the west, and two years later he
routed the Indo-European (Nordic) invaders known as the Sea Peoples.
In his
11th year he again repelled an attempted Libyan invasion.
He also launched major campaigns against the Black Nubians in the
South,
eventually extending the borders of his kingdom into the very north of
Sudan.
It is these victories which are depicted on the walls of his mortuary
temple
at Medinet Habu, near Luxor.
So the figures shown on the mortuary walls of Ramses III are in fact
pictures of those people captured as PRISONERS of the Egyptians!
This is why some are Black, some are Semitic and some are
Indo-European:
Ramses III beat all these groups at different times during his reign.
It is thus utterly FALSE to claim that these pictures of prisoners of
Ramses
III's military campaigns are representative of the Egyptians! They are
in
fact pictures of the ENEMIES of Egypt, captured during Ramses III's
great
military campaigns.
The "dark Egyptian" is easily explained by the by then increasing use
of
Nubian and other mercenaries by the Egyptians, and the fact that
Egyptian
society was already by then becoming increasingly racially mixed (it
is no
co-incidence that Egypt started going into terminal decline after
Ramses
III).
Even during the reign of Tutankhamen, which preceded that of Ramses
III,
imagery in Egyptian art showed Blacks and mixed racial types serving
as
slaves or as soldiers.
Lie 8: "The old Egyptian language does not resemble any Caucasian
tongue,
but is linked to Somali. This is proof that the Egyptian civilization
was
not White in origin."
The Caucasian languages are the Indo-European languages, those spoken
by the
Indo-European peoples (Germans, Balts, Slavs and Celts) who started
invading
Europe and other parts of the world, starting out from the Caucasus
mountain
region of southern Russia. They were Nordic racial types.
Although the Egyptian civilization took root after the first
Indo-European
invasion of the region around 3000 BC, the majority of the population
was
comprised of a mix of original White Mediterranean types and a number
of
Proto Nordics: the numbers of Indo-European peoples amongst them was
quite
small. In fact the Egyptians fought wars with the Indo-Europeans
twice: once
against the 'Sea Peoples" and then against the Hittites.
So it is quite logical that the Egyptian language will not be related
to the
Indo-European languages, as the Indo-European element would have
quickly
been swallowed up.
As to being related to "Somali" - of course what happened is that the
Blacks
in Nubia who were conquered by the White Egyptians, took on parts of
the
White Egyptian language, and this is why small parts of the languages
spoken
in Somalia, Sudan and Ethiopia may today resemble Ancient Egyptian.
But the
Arabic influence has been far too widespread across the entire region
to
make any definite claims about this.
Lie 9: "The White Historian Herodotus described the Egyptian people as
being
'Black with woolly hair' and he is called the 'father of history' -
why
would he lie?"
The truth is that Herodotus did indeed describe the Egyptian people
that he
saw, as being "Black with woolly hair" (Histories, Book Two, chapter
104).
In fact, this would make perfect sense, for Herodotus lived circa 484
- 425
BC. Seeing as the last Whites in Egypt were absorbed into the Nonwhite
masses some 400 years earlier (circa 800 BC), it would have been
impossible
for Herodotus to have seen anything but dark individuals when he
visited
Egypt.
In reality, Herodotus confirms what archeology and history already
show:
namely that the Ancient Whites of Egypt had vanished before the year
400 BC.
===========================================================
How did the Egyptians view their Black neighbors?
The White Egyptians left many written references to the Black
population in
Nubia and in their own midst: and at one point, even forbade Blacks
from
entering their country at all.
An overview of these written inscriptions is highly worthwhile and
devastates claims by pro-Black historians that the ancient Egyptian
civilization was Black in racial origin. A full review of these
writings is
made in chapter 8 of March of the Titans.
The most complete record and translation of these scripts was
undertaken by
professor James Henry Breasted, Professor of Egyptology and Oriental
History
in the University of Chicago in his work "History of Egypt, from the
Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest", Second Edition, 1909 - for
anyone
interested in a detailed overview, based on original Egyptian sources,
this
book is well worth reading.
During the Twelfth dynasty, the inscription on the stela of Sihathor,
an
"Assistant Treasurer" is now to be found in the British Museum., reads
as
follows:
"I reached Nubia of the Blacks, ... I forced the Nubian chiefs to wash
gold."
This is a reference to the fact that the White Egyptians exacted a
yearly
tribute from their Black neighbors - and there is an illustration of
this
"washing of gold" at work, dating from this era:
Blacks - depicted in graphic racial detail - presenting gold tributes
to the
Egyptians. This was how the White Egyptians depicted their Black
neighbors.
EGYPTIANS
The Egyptians were-and still are for the most part-North African
Hamites, meaning Mediterranean white. Linguistic, genetic,
anthropological, artistic and testimonial evidence supports this
thesis (see link below photos for details). Yet Afrocentrists dismiss
the overwhleming evidence against them as borne out of racism because
it was determined by white people at a time when black
inferiority was presupposed. Nevermind that it's corroborated by
modern scientists and academics, most of whom share the leftist
leanings of our times.
Another Afrocentrist claim is that Cleopatra was a "beautiful black
woman", which is doubly foolish because Cleopatra wasnt even
ethnically Egyptian. She belonged to the Greek Ptolomy dynasty that
ruled Egypt from Alexandria following the conquests of
Alexander the Great.
Finally, in order to account for the light, Caucasian appearance of
modern Egyptians, black academics claim that those people are
descendants of later Arab invaders, and that the few Negroid Egyptians
are remnants of the native inhabitants. However, genetic
studies show that "Arabs who invaded North Africa...in the 7th century
A.D. did not substantially contribute to the gene pool"
(Gomez-Casado et al., 2000), making it much more likely that those few
black people in Egypt are descendants of later migrants
from farther south, and that the remaining majority are descended from
native Hamitic stock with minor Semitic admixture. This view
is also supported by the light pigmentation and Caucasoid features of
the Egyptians in these ancient, pre-Arabic, artifacts :
Nefertiti
Rahotep and Nofret
Ranofer
Yuya
mummy
Scribe
[For more photos of, and information on, Ancient
Egyptians, visit The Ancient Egypt Race Issue.]
Another more recent argument for the black origins of Egyptian culture
is rooted in the fact established in 1909 that predynastic
Upper Egyptians (from the south) had some black admixture. More
moderate Afrocentrists have claimed, based on this, that the
culture that became Egyptian proper had its roots among these mixed
peoples and then spread to "whiter" Lower Egyptians (from
the north). However, the premise of this theory was long ago
discredited by A. Batrawi and G. M. Morant in Biometrika, Vol. 34, No.
1/2. (Jan., 1947), pp. 18-27 :
The observation that there were two races in Egypt in the early
dynastic period was first made in the year 1909, when
the results of measurements obtained from a series of male and
female skulls of the 4th and 5th dynasties from the
great necropolis surrounding the pyramids of Giza came to be
examined and compared with crania from early
predynastic graves. Until then the theory of an unbroken
evolution of the Egyptian race from prehistoric times through
the dynastic period had been taught. It now became obvious that
the culture which we know as peculiarly Egyptian
was associated with a race which could not have been derived from
the predynastic people. The introduction of
stone-working resulting in the erection of great tombs and
statuary, as well as beautifully executed reliefs, paintings
and above all writing, all pointed to a race far in advance of
the predynastic people, who although skilled in the
making of bowls and vases in stone as well as in pottery, and who
had already attained to the discovery of the uses of
copper, were, nevertheless, little removed from the Neolithic
period.
http://www.geocities.com/racial_myths/blackmyth.html
http://www.mugu.com/cgi-bin/Upstream/Issues/afroc/cheney.html
Not out of Africa: How Afrocentrism Became an Excuse to Teach Myth as
History
Review by Lynne Cheney
Insight on the News, April 15, 1996 v12 n14 p29(2)
Lynne Cheney is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute
and the author of Telling the Truth: Why Our Culture and Our Country
Have Stopped Making Sense and What We Can Do About It.
Mary Lefkowitz Not Out of Africa: How Afrocentrism Became An Excuse to
Teach Myth as History
Lefkowitz knows better. In Not Out of Africa: How Afrocentrism Became
An Excuse to Teach Myth as History, she applies her knowledge of the
ancient world and its languages to showing, as she puts it, that
"virtually all the claims made by Afrocentrists can be shown to be
without substance."
Take the claim that Cleopatra of Egypt was black. To reach this
conclusion, Lefkowitz points out, one must assume that the unlikely
actually is probable: for example, that Cleopatra's grandmother, the
only member of her family not identified precisely as a Macedonian
Greek, was a black African. It is possible that this was the case,
Letfkowitz points out; but surely if it had been, the Roman writers of
the time, who hated Cleopatra, would have used her foreign ancestry
against her.
Because ancient sources that mention the matter identify Cleopatra as
Macedonian Greek, Afrocentrists turn to more modern sources to
buttress
their case. One writer, Joel Rogers, has pointed out that in Antony
and
Cleopatra, Shakespeare describes Cleopatra as "tawny," which means, he
says, that Shakespeare thought of her as a mulatto. Lefkowitz finds
this unconvincing - just as she does the use of the bard's work on
this
occasion - "as if Shakespeare were an authority on Ptolemaic Egypt."
But other Afrocentrist citations are even more bizarre. Rogers
actually
offers as evidence a passage from Ripley's Believe It or Not that
claims that Cleopatra was "fat and black." John Henrik Clarke,
professor emeritus of black and Puerto Rican studies at Hunter College
in New York, writes that "in the Book of Acts, Cleopatra describes
herself as `black.'" Clarke does not give the precise chapter and
verse
in Acts and for very good reason, says Lefkowitz. Cleopatra is not
mentioned in Acts and, in fact, died some 60 years before this book of
the New Testament was written.
To illustrate the harm done by Afrocentric myths, Lefkowitz tells of
the Wellesley student who objected to the showing of the film
Cleopatra
on the grounds that having Elizabeth Taylor in the starring role
perpetuated the lie of "white supremacy." When a member of the
classics
department tried to discuss Cleopatra's genealogy with the student, it
quickly became apparent that she wanted no part of such explanations.
To her way of thinking, they were further examples of white racism.
Afrocentrism is more than an exercise in esteem building; it is a way
of nurturing racial resentment. When academics such as Lefkowitz are
skeptical, it is seen as evidence that whites, simply because they are
white, want to deny blacks, simply because they are black, the grand
heritage of ancient Egypt. Before the 19th century, Afrocentrists say,
scholars acknowledged the primacy of Egypt, but with the burgeoning of
the slave trade, European scholars began to minimize the importance of
all things African and to credit the Greeks with what were actually
Egyptian achievements.
Lefkowitz acknowledges that there was a shift, but it was not racism
that caused it; rather, it was an increase in knowledge. Scholars
learned how to read hieroglyphics "and once they were able to read
real
Egyptian texts," they "could disregard the fanciful interpretations of
hieroglyphics that had been circulating since late antiquity."
Afrocentrists return to these fanciful interpretations and report as
truth such myths as Aristotle's having plagiarized his philosophy from
the library at Alexandria - a clear impossibility, Lefkowitz observes,
since the library was assembled only after Aristotle's death.
Those concerned about fraudulent history being taught on campuses owe
a
debt of gratitude to Lefkowitz for this book, and so do those who are
appalled by untruths being propagated in our schools. Concerned
parents
will find herein powerful ammunition in their battle to rid of
Afrocentrist ideas the worldhistory curriculum their children are
studying.
But the battle likely is to be protracted. Afrocentrists themselves
will not be impressed by the evidence that Lefkowitz has piled up
because truth - which is the aim of gathering evidence - is not their
concern. Their goal is a pride-building myth.
Perhaps in the next stage of the debate over Afrocentrism it should be
asked why myth is necessary, since the truth should be such an obvious
source of pride. As presidential hopeful Alan Keyes has observed, "The
survival of black people in America, through slavery, racist assaults
and economic deprivation, is one of the greatest sagas of the human
spirit the world has ever seen."
Ancient coins depicting north African rulers:
http://www.angelfire.com/md/8/coinage.html
AS OF 04/02
Information on the 'Moors'
http://www.angelfire.com/md/8/moors.html
AS OF 04/02
According to _The Peopling of Africa_ (James L. Newman, Yale Univ.
Press, 1995), the Neolithic inhabitants of North Africa in
15,000-10,000
B.C., including the lower Nile valley, were "Caucasoid," based on
skeletal remains.
Berry, Berry and Ucko (1968) in the
journal *Man*. They concluded there was no detectable change in
Egyptian phenotype from Predynastic up until at least the Arab
invasion. Although the phenotype at any given time was never
homogeneous.
Brace et al., 1993, Yearbook of Physical
Anthropology 36:1-31. According to the authors, "the genetic
continuity
in situ maintained a predominantly Egyptian configuration in those
trivial biological features that have no differential survival value.
Like China, which has managed to absorb its various Manchu and Mongol
conquerors and yet remain recognizably Chinese since the Neolithic,
Egypt, also from the Neolithic on, absorbed its various Assyrian,
Persian, and Greek ruling elites with barely detectable effects."
From the same article:
"Whatever else one can or cannot say about the Egyptians, it is clear
that their craniofacial morphology has nothing whatsoever in common
with
Sub-Saharan Africans'. Our data, then, provide no support for the
claim
that there was a 'strong negroid element' in Predynastic Egypt."
I have seen a study or two that claimed the Predynastic site at Naqada
was inhabited by a population barely distinguishable from Nubians.
But
even Nubians sometimes defy easy categorization. According to the
comprehensive DNA study *History and Geography of Human Genes*
(Cavalli-Sforza, 1996) the modern Nubians show closer genetic ties to
modern North Africans than they do to sub-Saharans. And the same
study
suggests that even Ethiopians are intermediate between sub-Saharan
Africans and Caucasoid populations, with gene frequencies that are
consistent with a mixture of about 60% sub-Saharan African and 40%
Caucasoid. To quote, "the information on individual groups in
Ethiopia
and North Africa is fairly limited but sufficient to show that they
are
all separate from sub-Saharan Africans and that North Africans and
East
Africans (Ethiopian and neighbors) are also clearly separate."
This all tends to echo the sentiments of the anthropologist B. G.
Trigger, who said that trying to categorize the Nile valley
populations
as Caucasoid or Negroid is "an act that is arbitrary and wholly devoid
of historical or biological significance."
Another genetic study is a Y-chromosome comparison, in the March 1997
journal *Genetics* (Geographic Distribution of Human Y Chromosome
Variation). In this one, Egyptians show no connection to sub-Saharan
Africans. There is a certain genetic marker (YAP haplotype 4) which
is
rarely found in either sub-Saharan Africa *or* among Arabs from West
Asia, yet is found in 46% of the Egyptian population. There is
another
marker (YAP haplotype 5) that is found in a majority of sub-Saharan
The popular pastime among many Blacks in America is to propagate the
myth
that Egypt was a predominately Black culture. However, several points
dispute this flawed theory. First, let me state that Egypt did indeed
have
many Blacks of Sub-Saharan descent and I am sure they contributed
greatly
to the advancement of Egyptian culture. However, upon studying the
various
artifacts from Egypt, one is struck with an interesting discovery.
The Egyptians portrayed various races in their art; Blacks, Whites and
EGYPTIANS. Yes, if you look at the pictures, the Egyptians portrayed
themselves as a brownish color and most have them being served by
white
and black slaves (let us not forget that Africa was the originator of
slavery but took slaves mainly as bounty from war). How can this be?
How can the Egyptians be a black culture when they have art portraying
black people... but not as Egyptians. Also, Please tell me one single
significant
contribution made by a Sub-Saharan culture? I'm sure that 95% of
African-American ancestors never set one foot in Egypt ( The Sahara is
indeed large).
What I think you are trying to do is give the Blacks in this country a
sense of historical importance. You look at the amazing intellectual
feats
produced by Europeans and Chinese culture ( which in most cases, up
until
the 19th and 20 centuries, was more impressive than Europeans) and
think
to yourselves "How can we be taken seriously by these people". So, you
cling to a culture that is on the fringes of MOTHER AFRICA and claim
it
as your own. Isn't it funny that all these great black cultures
(Egypt, and the Islamic cultures of the Middle East and North Africa)
are
nowhere near what would be considered the heart of Africa? What is The
problem? All you need is a map and a good set of eyes to see this but
desperation blinds as well as the desert sands which separate your
people
from greatness.
--
Africans, but only 2% of Egyptians have it.
http://www.overthrow.com/lsn/news.asp?fileName=lsn20010606121111.html
Direct Evidence of Fair Hair and Blue Eyes in Ancient Egypt
102 of 115 Racially-Identifiable Mummies Were White
6/6/01 12:11:11 PM
Discuss this story in the forum
http://community-1.webtv.net/Xoxana
Commentary -- Direct Evidence of Fair Hair and Blue Eyes in Ancient
Egypt
The mummy of the wife of King Tutankhamen has auburn hair. (61) A
mummy with
red hair, red mustache and red beard was found by the pyramids at
Saqqara. (62)
Red-haired mummies were found in the crocodile-caverns of Aboufaida.
(63) The
book HISTORY OF EGYPTIAN MUMMIES mentions a mummy with reddish-brown
hair. (64)
the mummies of Rameses II (65) and Prince Yuaa (66) have fine silky
yellow
hair. The mummy of another pharaoh, Thothmes II, has light
chestnut-colored
hair. (67)
An article in a leading British anthropological journal states that
many
mummies have dark reddish-brown hair. (68) Professor Vacher De Lapouge
described a blond mummy found at Al Amrah, which he says has the face
and skull
measurements of a typical Gaul or Saxon. (69) A blond mummy was found
at
Kawamil along with many chestnut-colored ones. (70) Chestnut-haired
mummies
have been found at Silsileh. (71) The mummy of Queen Tiy has "wavy
brown hair."
(72) Unfortunately, only the mummies of a very few pharaohs have
survived to
the 20th century, but a large proportion of these are blond.
The Egyptians have left us many paintings and statues of blondes and
redheads.
Amenhotep III's tomb painting shows him as having light red hair. (73)
Also,
his features are quite European. A farm scene from around 2000 B.C. in
the tomb
of the nobleman Meketre shows redheads. (74) An Egyptian scribe named
Kay at
Sakkarah around 2500 B.C. has blue eyes. (75) Here is a picture of
him:
http://www.delphi.com/redramesses/messages/?msg=21.1
The tomb of Menna (18th Dynasty) at West Thebes shows blond girls.
(76) The god
Horus is usually depicted as white. He is very white in the Papyrus
Book of the
Dead of Lady Cheritwebeshet (21st Dynasty), found in the Egyptian
Museum in
Cairo. (77)
A very striking painting of a yellow-haired man hunting from a chariot
can be
found in the tomb of Userhet, Royal Scribe of Amenophis II. (78) The
yellow-
haired man is Userhet. The same tomb has paintings of blond soldiers.
The tomb
of Menna also has a wall painting showing a blond man supervising two
dark-
haired workers scooping grain. (79)
The Funerary stele (inscribed stone slab) of Priest Remi clearly shows
him as
having red hair, (80) although he couldn't have been a priest of Set
at such a
late date. A common good luck charm was the eye of Horus, the
so-called Wedjat
Eye. (81) The eye is always blue, and the word "wedjat" means "green"
(or
blue?) in Egyptian. A very attractive painting is found on the wall of
a
private tomb in West Thebes from the 18th Dynasty. The two deceased
parents are
white people with black hair. Mourning them are two pretty
fair-skinned girls
with light blond hair and their red-haired older brother. (82)
Queen Thi is painted as having a rosy complexion, blue eyes and blond
hair.
(83) She was co-ruler with her husband Amenhotep III and it has been
said of
their rule. "The reign of Amenhotep III was the culminating point in
Egyptian
history, for never again, in spite of the exalted effort of the
Ramessides, did
Egypt occupy so exalted a place among the nations of the world as she
had in
his time." (84) Amenhotep III looks northern European in his statues.
Paintings of people with red hair and blue eyes were found at the tomb
of Bagt
in Beni Hassan. (85) Many other tombs at Beni Hassan have paintings of
individuals with blond and red hair as well as blue eyes. (86)
Paintings of
blonds and redheads have been found among the tombs at Thebes. (87)
Blond hair
and blue eyes were painted at the tomb of Pharaoh Menphtah in the
valley of the
Kings. (88) Paintings from the Third Dynasty show native Egyptians
with red
hair and blue eyes. (89) They are shepherds, workers and bricklayers.
A blond woman was painted at the tomb of Djeser-ka-ra-seneb in Thebes.
(90) A
model of a ship from about 2500 B.C. is manned by five blond sailors.
(91) The
god Nuit was painted as white and blond. (92) A painting at the tomb
of
Meresankh III at Giza, from about 2485 B.C., shows white skin and red
hair.
(93) Two statues from about 2570 B.C., found in the tombs at Medum,
show Prince
Rahotep and his wife Nofret. He has light green stones for eyes. She
has violet-
blue stones. (94) A painting from Iteti's tomb at Saqqara shows a very
Nordic-
looking man with blond hair. (95) Grafton Smith mentions the
distinctly red
hair of the 18th Dynasty mummy Henutmehet. (96)
Harvard Professor Carleton Coon, in his book THE RACES OF EUROPE,
tells us
that "many of the officials, courtiers, and priests, representing the
upper
class of Egyptian society but not the royalty, looked strikingly like
modern
Europeans, especially long-headed ones." (Note: Nordics are
long-headed.) (97)
Long-headed Europeans are most common in Britain, Scandinavia, the
Netherlands,
and northern Germany.
I repeat MANY OF THE OFFICIALS, COURTIERS, AND PRIESTS, REPRESENTING
THE UPPER
CLASS OF EGYPTIAN SOCIETY ... LOOKED STRIKINGLY LIKE MODERN EUROPEANS
Time-Life books put out a volume called RAMESES II THE GREAT. It has a
good
picture of the blond mummy of Rameses II. Another picture can be found
in the
book X-RAYING THE PHARAOHS, especially the picture on the jacket
cover. It
shows his yellow hair.
A book called CHRONICLE OF THE PHARAOHS was recently published showing
paintings, sculptures and mummies of 189 pharaohs and leading
personalities of
Ancient Egypt. Of these, 102 appear European, 13 look Black, and the
rest are
hard to classify. All nine mummies look European.
A recent discovery of Egyptian mummies from the Roman period
astonished
researchers. One-third ot the mummies were fair-haired! Why do most
news
reports from Zawi Hawass fail to mention this important fact? Here is
the
information:
http://www.delphi.com/nordichistory/messages/?msg=512.4
The very first pharaoh, Narmer, also known as Menes, looks very
European. The
same can be said for Khufu's cousin Hemon, who designed the Great
Pyramid of
Giza, with help from Imhotep. A computer-generated reconstruction of
the face
of the Sphinx shows a European-looking face. (98) It was once painted
sunburned
red. (99) The Egyptians often painted upper class men as red and upper
class
women as white; this is because the men became sun-burned or tanned
while
outside under the burning Egyptian sun. The women, however, usually
stayed
inside.
Footnotes and links to the rest of this epic article can be found at
http://community.webtv.net/Xoxana/FOOTNOTES or
http://community-2.webtv.net/Xoxana/FOOTNOTES
Sardinian Pyramid and Abu Dhabi Mastaba
I read a strange statement in THE OXFORD ILLUSTRATED PREHISTORY OF
EUROPE that
there is a pyramid in Sardinia. If stone-building technology spread
from
Brittany to Egypt, one would expect to find something like this on
Sardinia,
which is halfway between the two. In fact, going by boat, it is closer
to Egypt
than to Britanny. Here is the statement on page 199: "Somewhat similar
manifestations occur in the rock-cut tombs of Sardinia, which may copy
above
ground structures in wood, and other surface monuments such as the
collective
burials of the Tombe di Giganti with their horned forecourts, and the
notable
PYRAMID MOUND of Monte d'Accodi near Sassari. (emphasis added)
Here are some pictures of pyramids in the Canary Islands, Sardinia,
and Sicily!
Schilfbootprojekt Abora
Address:
http://home.htwm.de/abora/csslv/triangle/triangle.htm Changed:5:41
AM on
Thursday, May 11, 2000
Here is a fascinating map showing the location of ancient reed boats.
Thor
Heyerdahl built such a raft called the Ra after the Egyptian Sun God
and sailed
across the Atlantic Ocean in it. His theory is that an ancient race of
redheads
in reedboats spread civilization all over the word, including the
world's first
civilization in Sumer. He believed that redheads sailed up the Persian
Gulf to
Sumer.
Schilfbootprojekt Abora
Address:
http://home.htwm.de/abora/csslv/worldrb/worldrb.htm
Here is a picture of the "pyramid" at Monte d'Accodi. It was built
between 3300-
2800 BC and is said in this article to resemble the ziggurats of
Mesopotamia.
ALTARE PREISTORICO MONTE D'ACCODDI - PORTO TORRES
Address:
http://www.ilportalesardo.it/archeo/ssptorres2.htm
Here is a brief article explaining that Monte d'Accodi is a truncated
pyramid
resembling a ramped ziggurat in Mesopotamia:
LUOGHI DI CULTO
Address:
http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:www.isacnet.com/intertour/inglese/luocult.htm+%2B%22Accodi%22+%2B%22pyramid%22&hl=en
Here is a picture:
Monte d'Accodi
Address:
http://www.comuneportotorres.com/storia/big/accodi.html
Here is a great picture! If you get the page with all the pyramid
pictures
click on the lower right-hand corner to see the big beautiful picture
of Monte
d'Accodi.
Schilfbootprojekt Abora
Address:
http://www.htwm.de/abora/csslv/triangle/triangle.htm
If you scroll down a page or two you will find a fascinating little
article
about an expedition in reed boats proving that the Egyptian pyramids
were
influenced by megalith builders from Europe:
Reed Boat Expedition Sardinia-Canary Islands
Address:
http://www.htwm.de/abora/foreign/eng.htm
Here is a picture of a ziggurat. Note the ramp.
reconstruction_ur.gif
Address:
Loading Image...
Mastaba in Abu Dhabi (Persian Gulf). This resembles the early
pre-pyramidal
forms in Egypt.
Bilder Christo - Mastaba of Abu Dhabi
Address:
http://www.3w-art.de/christo/cho1705.htm
Here is an Egyptian mastaba:
Mastaba
Address:
http://i-cias.com/e.o/mastaba.htm
Here are three large mastabas side by side:
Mastaba
Address:
http://it-student.hivolda.no/prosjekt/v00/Det_gamle_Egypt/mastaba.htm
Changed:5:46 PM on Friday, June 9, 2000
Footnotes are at http://community.webtv.net/Xoxana/FOOTNOTES
http://www.delphi.com/prehistory
The epilogue to this article can be found at
http://community-1.webtv.net/Xoxana/AMAZINGNEW/
Libertarian Socialist News
Post Office Box 12244
Silver Spring, MD 20908
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http://www.libertariansocialist.com
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